Minerals
Synergist compounds that support nutrient transport and utilization, cytokine and eicosanoid modulation, neurotrophin factors, redox reactions, cholesterol regulation, and much more..
Magnesium Creatine Chelate
Magnesium Creatine Chelate is a chelated form of magnesium bound to creatine. Magnesium is one of the most abundant minerals in the body and plays a vital role in supporting the function of all living cells. It’s used in more than 300 enzymes. ATP (i.e., cellular energy) occurs complexed with magnesium, so all enzymes utilizing ATP require magnesium to support their activity. The same is true for enzymes that synthesize DNA and RNA, magnesium is always involved. Magnesium also plays a large role in promoting healthy glucose metabolism (glycolysis). Because magnesium supports the electrical functions of cells (i.e., it’s an electrolyte), it’s necessary for muscle and nerve function. Creatine plays a key role in tissues that use high amounts of energy, like muscles and the brain. Creatine is used in the phosphocreatine (phosphagen) system. This system regenerates ATP from ADP in tissues, and is especially important in circumstances with high energy demand. Because of this role, creatine is often described as an ATP “buffer.” Magnesium Creatine Chelate has been used in clinical studies for the support of exercise performance [1,2].*
TOP BENEFITS OF MAGNESIUM CREATINE CHELATE
Supports sleep*
Supports cardiovascular function*
Supports mood*
Supports musculoskeletal health*
Supports cellular health*
QUALIA’S MAGNESIUM CREATINE CHELATE SOURCING
Magnesium Creatine Chelate is sourced from Albion® Minerals, a world leader in chelated minerals.
Magnesium Creatine Chelate is a non-GMO, gluten-free, and vegan ingredient.
MAGNESIUM CREATINE CHELATE FORMULATING PRINCIPLES AND RATIONALE
The Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) for magnesium in adults varies from 310 to 420 depending upon age and gender. Magnesium is one of the most common dietary insufficiencies—a majority of Americans of all ages ingest less magnesium from food than the recommended amount. The established upper limit (UL) of magnesium from supplements has been set at 350 mg for adults, which is lower than the RDA for some age groups and genders (this is in recognition that even diets poor in magnesium contribute some towards the RDA). Supplying even a modest amount of supplemental magnesium can help close this nutritional gap for most people [3]. The amount of magnesium, as magnesium creatine chelate alone or combined with other forms of magnesium, in a Qualia formula can vary depending on the role of magnesium in the formula and the formula’s intended health purpose. A serving size of a Qualia product may contain an amount of magnesium we intend to augment dietary intake (e.g., 8-20% of the RDA) or the full 350 mg UL amount.*
MAGNESIUM KEY MECHANISMS
Supports optimal metabolism and energy generation*
Supports the synthesis of ATP by ATP synthase in mitochondria* [4,5]
Part of a complex with ATP (MgATP) that is required for many rate-limiting metabolic enzymes* [6]
Supports the activity of rate-limiting enzymes involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism* [6,7]
Supports the activity of rate-limiting enzymes involved protein and nucleic acid synthesis* [6,7]
Helps maintain healthy insulin sensitivity* [8,9]
Supports cell signaling*
Supports healthy cellular sodium and potassium influx and efflux* [6]
Supports healthy cellular calcium influx and balanced calcium signaling* [6,7]
Supports the activity of adenylate cyclase - cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) synthesis* [10]
Supports cell structure*
Maintains stability of proteins, nucleic acids, chromosomes, and biological membranes* [6]
Supports healthy cardiovascular function*
Supports healthy cardiac muscle contraction and heart rhythm* [7,11]
Supports healthy vascular tone* [7,11]
Supports healthy platelet function* [7,12]
Supports brain function*
Supports hearing* [13–19]
Supports healthy neurotransmitter signaling and optimal neurological function* [7]
Supports the healthy activity of the glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor* [20,21]
Supports healthy glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) enzyme function that converts glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, and vice versa* [22,23]
Supports healthy serotonin N-acetyltransferase function - an enzyme that is involved in the day/night rhythmic production of melatonin from serotonin* [24,25]
Supports healthy brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) function* [21,26,27]
Supports healthy neural stem cell proliferation* [28]
Supports healthy brain mitochondrial function* [28]
Supports a healthy mood*
Supports mental well-being* [29,30]
Supports healthy behavioral and physiological responses to stress* [27,31–34]
Supports sleep*
Supports optimal sleep quality* [35–38]
Supports healthy EEG and neuroendocrine responses during sleep* [39,40]
Supports sleep organization and regulation* [41–44]
Supports exercise tolerance in contexts of poor sleep* [45]
Supports muscle function*
Supports healthy muscle contraction* [7,46]
Supports optimal muscle strength* [47,48]
Supports the skeletal system*
Supports healthy bone metabolism/remodeling and optimal calcium absorption* [6]
Supports healthy calcitonin and parathyroid hormone activity* [6]
Supports optimal bone formation* [6]
Supports a healthy gut microbiota*
Supports a healthy composition of the gut microbiota* [49–51]
Complementary ingredients*
Commonly supplemented with calcium for bone support*
Supports vitamin D metabolism* [52]
B-complex vitamins and melatonin supplementation for sleep support* [53]
Zinc and melatonin supplementation for sleep support* [54]
Vitamin B6 for mood support* [55,56]
Hawthorn and California poppy for mood support* [57]
Antioxidant vitamins for hearing support* [58–60]
CREATINE KEY MECHANISMS
Supports mitochondrial structure and function*
Supports transcription factors associated with mitochondrial biogenesis (PGC-1α, TFAM)* [61]
Supports healthy mitochondrial structure and function* [61–63]
Supports mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)* [61]
Supports mitochondrial membrane potential* [61,62]
Promotes exercise performance*
Supports the muscle pool of phosphocreatine to be used for ATP regeneration* [64–69]
Supports strength performance* [66–68,70–75]
Supports lean mass* [68,70–75]
Supports muscle structure and function* [66–68,70]
Supports energy generation in cardiac muscle* [76]
Other actions*
Supports AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling* [61,64,77–79]
Supports neuroprotective functions* [62,63,80–83]
*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
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Magnesium (from Aquamin® Mg)
Magnesium is one of the most abundant minerals in the body and plays a vital role in supporting the function of all living cells. It’s used in more than 300 enzymes. ATP (i.e., cellular energy) occurs complexed with ATP, so all enzymes utilizing ATP require magnesium to support their activity. The same is true for enzymes that synthesize DNA and RNA, magnesium is always involved. Magnesium also plays a large role in promoting healthy glucose metabolism (glycolysis). Because magnesium supports the electrical functions of cells (i.e., it’s an electrolyte), it’s necessary for muscle and nerve function. Magnesium has a number of functional roles that interact with stress [1]. Aquamin® Mg is a bioavailable source of magnesium that also contains lesser amounts of 71 other minerals (most of which are trace minerals) [2]. Aquamin® Mg has been studied for supporting gut microbiota [3].*
For people looking to translate these benefits into a daily regimen that also supports the skeletal system, Qualia Magnesium+ is formulated to help close common dietary gaps while delivering a highly bioavailable form of magnesium.*
TOP BENEFITS OF MAGNESIUM
Supports sleep*
Supports mood*
Supports musculoskeletal health*
Supports cellular health*
QUALIA’S MAGNESIUM SOURCING
Aquamin® Mg is a natural source of magnesium derived from the clean sea waters off the Irish coast.
Magnesium from Aquamin® is standardized to contain not less than 33% magnesium (as magnesium hydroxide). It also supplies 72 minerals and trace minerals.
Magnesium from Aquamin® is a non-GMO, Vegan, Kosher certified, Halal certified, EU health certified, and Allergen free ingredient.
Aquamin® is a registered trademark of Marigot Ltd. of Cork Ireland.
MAGNESIUM FORMULATING PRINCIPLES AND RATIONALE
The Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) for magnesium in adults varies from 310 to 420 depending upon age and gender. Magnesium is one of the most common dietary insufficiencies—a majority of Americans of all ages ingest less magnesium from food than the recommended amount. The established upper limit (UL) of magnesium from supplements has been set at 350 mg for adults, which is lower than the RDA for some age groups and genders (this is in recognition that even diets poor in magnesium contribute some towards the RDA). Supplying even a modest amount of supplemental magnesium can help close this nutritional gap for most people [4]. The amount of magnesium, as Aquamin® magnesium alone or combined with other forms of magnesium, in a Qualia formula can vary depending on the role of magnesium in the formula and the formula’s intended health purpose. A serving size of a Qualia product may contain an amount of magnesium we intend to augment dietary intake (e.g., 8-20% of the RDA) or the full 350 mg UL amount.*
MAGNESIUM KEY MECHANISMS
Supports optimal metabolism and energy generation*
Supports the synthesis of ATP by ATP synthase in mitochondria* [5,6]
Part of a complex with ATP (MgATP) that is required for many rate-limiting metabolic enzymes* [7]
Supports the activity of rate-limiting enzymes involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism* [7,8]
Supports the activity of rate-limiting enzymes involved protein and nucleic acid synthesis* [7,8]
Helps maintain healthy insulin sensitivity* [9,10]
Supports cell signaling*
Supports healthy cellular sodium and potassium influx and efflux* [7]
Supports healthy cellular calcium influx and balanced calcium signaling* [7,8]
Supports the activity of adenylate cyclase - cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) synthesis* [11]
Supports cell structure*
Maintains stability of proteins, nucleic acids, chromosomes, and biological membranes* [7]
Supports healthy cardiovascular function*
Supports healthy cardiac muscle contraction and heart rhythm* [8,12]
Supports healthy vascular tone* [8,12]
Supports healthy platelet function* [8,13]
Supports brain function*
Supports hearing* [14–20]
Supports healthy neurotransmitter signaling and optimal neurological function* [8]
Supports the healthy activity of the glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor* [21,22]
Supports healthy glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) enzyme function that converts glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, and vice versa* [23,24]
Supports healthy serotonin N-acetyltransferase function - an enzyme that is involved in the day/night rhythmic production of melatonin from serotonin* [25,26]
Supports healthy brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) function* [22,27,28]
Supports healthy neural stem cell proliferation* [29]
Supports healthy brain mitochondrial function* [29]
Supports a healthy mood*
Supports mental well-being* [30,31]
Supports healthy behavioral and physiological responses to stress* [28,32–35]
Supports sleep*
Supports optimal sleep quality* [36–39]
Supports healthy EEG and neuroendocrine responses during sleep* [40,41]
Supports sleep organization and regulation* [42–45]
Supports exercise tolerance in contexts of poor sleep* [46]
Supports muscle function*
Supports healthy muscle contraction* [8,47]
Supports optimal muscle strength* [48,49]
Supports the skeletal system*
Supports healthy bone metabolism/remodeling and optimal calcium absorption* [7]
Supports healthy calcitonin and parathyroid hormone activity* [7]
Supports optimal bone formation* [7]
Supports a healthy gut microbiota*
Supports a healthy composition of the gut microbiota* [3,50,51]
Complementary ingredients*
Commonly supplemented with calcium for bone support*
Supports vitamin D metabolism* [52]
B-complex vitamins and melatonin supplementation for sleep support* [53]
Zinc and melatonin supplementation for sleep support* [54]
Vitamin B6 for mood support* [55,56]
Hawthorn and California poppy for mood support* [57]
Antioxidant vitamins for hearing support* [58–60]
*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
REFERENCES
[1]M.D. Cuciureanu, R. Vink, in: R. Vink, M. Nechifor (Eds.), Magnesium in the Central Nervous System, University of Adelaide Press, Adelaide (AU), 2018.
[2]V.D. Felice, D.M. O’Gorman, N.M. O’Brien, N.P. Hyland, Nutrients 10 (2018).
[3]E.K. Crowley, C.M. Long-Smith, A. Murphy, E. Patterson, K. Murphy, D.M. O’Gorman, C. Stanton, Y.M. Nolan, Mar. Drugs 16 (2018).
[4]Y.H. Ko, S. Hong, P.L. Pedersen, J. Biol. Chem. 274 (1999) 28853–28856.
[5]A.U. Igamberdiev, L.A. Kleczkowski, Front. Plant Sci. 6 (2015) 10.
[6]S.-M. Glasdam, S. Glasdam, G.H. Peters, Adv. Clin. Chem. 73 (2016) 169–193.
[7]W. Jahnen-Dechent, M. Ketteler, Clin. Kidney J. 5 (2012) i3–i14.
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Magnesium Glycinate
Magnesium glycinate is a chelated form of the mineral magnesium. It is made from one magnesium bound to two glycines. Both are involved in supporting efficient cellular function. Magnesium is one of the most abundant minerals in the body and is vital for the functioning of all living cells. It’s used in more than 300 enzymes. ATP (i.e., cellular energy) occurs complexed with ATP, so all enzymes utilizing ATP require magnesium. The same is true for enzymes that synthesize DNA and RNA, magnesium is always involved. Magnesium also plays a large role in breaking down sugars (glycolysis). Because magnesium supports the electrical functions of cells (i.e., it’s an electrolyte), muscle and nerve function rely on magnesium. Glycine was discovered in the early 1800s. Its name comes from the Greek word for sweet, because glycine has a sweet taste similar to sugar. Glycine is a conditional amino acid. While we can make glycine inside the body (i.e., it’s non-essential), there are circumstances where the amount we make and what we get in the diet appear to be insufficient to optimize functional health. Glycine is used to make many proteins in the body. An example is glutathione, which functions as part of cellular antioxidant defenses and detoxification. Glycine is also used in the brain as a neurotransmitter and throughout the body to make collagen. Collagen proteins are the best dietary source of glycine.*
TOP BENEFITS OF MAGNESIUM GLYCINATE
Supports sleep*
Supports mood*
Supports musculoskeletal health*
Supports cellular health*
QUALIA’S MAGNESIUM GLYCINATE SOURCING
Magnesium glycinate is used when there’s a role for both magnesium and glycine in the formula. For example, both support healthy cellular energy function. Magnesium is involved in making and using ATP and glycine supports building the antioxidant molecule glutathione, so boosts antioxidant defenses. Both also support evening physiology, including aspects of one or both of melatonin and GABA signaling. Magnesium glycinate has higher bioavailability than other more traditional forms of magnesium supplementation because the two glycines act as a carrier and allow for efficient absorption [1].
Magnesium glycinate is non-GMO and Vegan.
MAGNESIUM GLYCINATE FORMULATING PRINCIPLES AND RATIONALE
The Recommended Dietary Allowances for magnesium in adults varies from 310 to 420 depending upon age and gender. A majority of Americans of all ages fall somewhat short of this amount. Supplying even a low dose of magnesium can help close the gap. Magnesium glycinate contains about 14% elemental magnesium by mass (the other 86% is glycine), so the complex provides far more glycine than magnesium. An average adult requires about 15 grams of glycine daily. About 2-3 grams are made in the body; diet must provide the rest [2]. Magnesium glycinate is generally considered to be dose-dependent (see Qualia Dosing Principles) in the range it’s commonly dosed. We generally dose it in small amounts to augment dietary intake of both magnesium and glycine. The amount chosen to be included also considers capsule count, since each additional ~90 mg of elemental magnesium supplied as magnesium glycinate requires an additional capsule.*
MAGNESIUM KEY MECHANISMS
Supports metabolism and energy generation*
Required for the synthesis of ATP by ATP synthase in mitochondria* [3,4]
Forms a complex with ATP (MgATP) that is required for many rate-limiting metabolic enzymes* [5]
Cofactor for rate-limiting enzymes involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism* [5,6]
Cofactor for rate-limiting enzymes involved protein and nucleic acid synthesis* [5,6]
Supports cell signaling*
Supports cellular sodium and potassium influx and efflux* [5]
Modulates calcium entry into cells so supports balanced calcium signaling* [5,6]
Cofactor for protein phosphorylation (enzyme activation)* [5,6]
Cofactor for the activity of adenylate cyclase - cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) synthesis* [7]
Supports cell structure*
Stabilizes proteins, nucleic acids, chromosomes, and biological membranes* [5]
Supports healthy cardiovascular function*
Supports cardiac muscle contraction and heart rhythm* [6,8]
Supports vascular tone* [6,8]
Supports platelet function* [6,9]
Supports brain function*
Supports normal hearing* [10–16]
Supports normal neurotransmitter release and healthy neurological function* [6]
Supports the activity of the glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor* [17,18]
Supports glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) enzyme - converts glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, and vice versa* [19,20]
Supports serotonin N-acetyltransferase - an enzyme that is involved in the day/night rhythmic production of melatonin from serotonin* [21,22]
Supports brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)* [18,23,24]
Supports a healthy mood*
Supports mental well-being* [25,26]
Supports healthy behavioral and physiological responses to stress* [24,27–30]
Supports sleep*
Supports sleep quality* [31–38]
Supports healthy EEG and neuroendocrine responses during sleep* [39,40]
Supports exercise tolerance if sleep is insufficient* [41]
Supports musculoskeletal health*
Required for muscle contraction* [6,42]
Supports muscle strength* [43,44]
Supports bone metabolism/remodeling by calcium absorption* [5]
Supports calcitonin and parathyroid hormone activity* [5]
Supports bone formation* [5]
Supports a healthy gut microbiota*
Supports a healthy composition of the gut microbiota* [45–47]
Complementary ingredients*
Commonly supplemented with calcium for bone support*
Supports vitamin D metabolism* [48]
B-complex vitamins and melatonin supplementation for sleep support* [49]
Zinc and melatonin supplementation for sleep support* [50]
Vitamin B6 for mood support* [51,52]
Hawthorn and California poppy for mood support* [53]
Antioxidant vitamins for hearing support* [54–56]
GLYCINE KEY MECHANISMS
Structure and Function Roles*
Plays an essential role in protein synthesis, especially collagen synthesis* [57]
Provides flexibility to active sites in many enzymes* [58]
Supports cell membrane function to promote balanced immune responses* [59]
Protein Precursor*
Precursor for synthesis of glutathione* [60–62]
Precursor for synthesis of creatine* [63]
Precursor for synthesis of porphyrins and heme* [64]
Precursor for synthesis of purines* [65]
Supports brain and nervous system function*
Acts as a neurotransmitter (i.e., has its own neurotransmission system)* [66–69]
Supports healthy glutaminergic neurotransmission* [70]
Supports serotonergic neurotransmission* [71]
Supports sleep*
Supports sleep quality* [72,73]
Reduces daytime sleepiness and fatigue; improves vigilance* [72–74]
Promotes healthy aging and longevity*
Supports metabolism of glycation end products (i.e., sugar-protein cross links)* [75–78]
Supports growth hormone secretion* [79]
Complementary ingredients*
N-Acetyl-Cysteine (NAC) for glutathione synthesis* [80–82]
*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
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Potassium (as Potassium Citrate)
Tripotassium citrate is a chelated form of the mineral potassium, with three potassium ions bound to a single citrate molecule. Both molecules are involved in supporting efficient cellular energy production. Potassium is one of the most abundant minerals in the body and is vital for the functioning of all living cells. Its main role is as an intracellular electrolyte (sodium is the main extracellular electrolyte). Potassium is needed for electrolyte balance, which supports the electrical functions of cells. Citrate is a salt of citric acid, a compound that was first identified in lemon juice, but is found in all citrus fruits. Citrate is an intermediate in the citric acid cycle (also called the Krebs cycle), a circular pathway that helps turn food into energy (i.e., ATP) and build important biomolecules. Adding intermediates like citrate into this cycle helps upregulate the flux (i.e., the cycle can essentially spin faster). Citrate is also a vital component of bone.
TOP BENEFITS OF POTASSIUM CITRATE
Supports electrolyte balance*
Supports cellular energy*
Supports neuronal function*
Supports muscle function*
QUALIA’S POTASSIUM CITRATE SOURCING
We opt to use the citrate salt of potassium, instead of a different form of potassium, when both potassium and citrate play a role in supporting pathways or processes in a formulation.
Potassium citrate is non-GMO, gluten-free, and vegan.
POTASSIUM CITRATE FORMULATING PRINCIPLES AND RATIONALE
Potassium citrate is used primarily as a source of citrate, an important Krebs cycle and mitochondrial nutrient. We supplement it in small amounts to augment dietary intake. The adequate intake (AI) for potassium in adults is 3400 mg for men and 2600mg for women. Supplements will typically contain 99 mg or less per serving because of certain FDA constraints with potassium supplementation. This amount would not be sufficient to correct issues with potassium intake.*
POTASSIUM CITRATE KEY MECHANISMS
General health and well-being*
Potassium is the main positively charged ion in intracellular fluid* [1,2]
Along with sodium, potassium creates an electrochemical gradient across cell membranes known as the membrane potential* [1,2]
Potassium is essential for nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction and heart function* [2]
Potassium is essential for the activity of a few enzymes, including pyruvate kinase (catalyzes the final step of glycolysis)* [3]
Citrate supports the Krebs cycle* [1]
Supports insulin secretion* [4]
Supports insulin sensitivity* [5]
Supports blood flow and blood pressure* [4,6–8]
Supports kidney function* [9,10]
Supports bone health* [11–13]
*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
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Magnesium (as Magnesium Taurate)
Magnesium taurate is a magnesium salt of taurine It can also be called magnesium taurinate or magnesium ditaurate, with the "di-" coming from a Greek word that means "twice or containing two," because magnesium taurinate contains a single magnesium ion bound to two taurines. Magnesium is one of the most abundant minerals in the body and plays a vital role in supporting the function of all living cells. It’s used in more than 300 enzymes. ATP (i.e., cellular energy) occurs complexed with magnesium, so all enzymes utilizing ATP require magnesium to support their activity. The same is true for enzymes that synthesize DNA and RNA, magnesium is always involved. Magnesium also plays a large role in promoting healthy glucose metabolism (glycolysis). Because magnesium supports the electrical functions of cells (i.e., it’s an electrolyte), it’s necessary for muscle and nerve function. Taurine is a sulfur-containing amino acid found in the diet and produced in the human body. Taurine has important roles in the human body in osmoregulation, as an antioxidant, and as a neuromodulator. Taurine is present in nearly all tissues, and is the most abundant free amino acid in muscle, heart, brain, and retina. Taurine is present in all ocular tissues—retina, lens, cornea, etc.—and is critical for retinal and photoreceptor cell function. Taurine also supports neuroprotective functions in the central nervous system [1,2].*
TOP BENEFITS OF MAGNESIUM TAURATE
Supports sleep*
Supports cardiovascular function*
Supports mood*
Supports musculoskeletal health*
Supports cellular health*
QUALIA’S MAGNESIUM TAURATE SOURCING
Magnesium taurate is a non-GMO, gluten-free, and vegan ingredient.
MAGNESIUM TAURATE FORMULATING PRINCIPLES AND RATIONALE
The Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) for magnesium in adults varies from 310 to 420 depending upon age and gender. Magnesium is one of the most common dietary insufficiencies—a majority of Americans of all ages ingest less magnesium from food than the recommended amount. The established upper limit (UL) of magnesium from supplements has been set at 350 mg for adults, which is lower than the RDA for some age groups and genders (this is in recognition that even diets poor in magnesium contribute some towards the RDA). Supplying even a modest amount of supplemental magnesium can help close this nutritional gap for most people [3]. The amount of magnesium, as magnesium taurate alone or combined with other forms of magnesium, in a Qualia formula can vary depending on the role of magnesium in the formula and the formula’s intended health purpose. A serving size of a Qualia product may contain an amount of magnesium we intend to augment dietary intake (e.g., 8-20% of the RDA) or the full 350 mg UL amount.*
MAGNESIUM KEY MECHANISMS
Supports optimal metabolism and energy generation*
Supports the synthesis of ATP by ATP synthase in mitochondria* [4,5]
Part of a complex with ATP (MgATP) that is required for many rate-limiting metabolic enzymes* [6]
Supports the activity of rate-limiting enzymes involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism* [6,7]
Supports the activity of rate-limiting enzymes involved protein and nucleic acid synthesis* [6,7]
Helps maintain healthy insulin sensitivity* [8,9]
Supports cell signaling*
Supports healthy cellular sodium and potassium influx and efflux* [6]
Supports healthy cellular calcium influx and balanced calcium signaling* [6,7]
Supports the activity of adenylate cyclase - cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) synthesis* [10]
Supports cell structure*
Maintains stability of proteins, nucleic acids, chromosomes, and biological membranes* [6]
Supports healthy cardiovascular function*
Supports healthy cardiac muscle contraction and heart rhythm* [7,11]
Supports healthy vascular tone* [7,11]
Supports healthy platelet function* [7,12]
Supports brain function*
Supports hearing* [13–19]
Supports healthy neurotransmitter signaling and optimal neurological function* [7]
Supports the healthy activity of the glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor* [20,21]
Supports healthy glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) enzyme function that converts glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, and vice versa* [22,23]
Supports healthy serotonin N-acetyltransferase function - an enzyme that is involved in the day/night rhythmic production of melatonin from serotonin* [24,25]
Supports healthy brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) function* [21,26,27]
Supports healthy neural stem cell proliferation* [28]
Supports healthy brain mitochondrial function* [28]
Supports a healthy mood*
Supports mental well-being* [29,30]
Supports healthy behavioral and physiological responses to stress* [27,31–34]
Supports sleep*
Supports optimal sleep quality* [35–38]
Supports healthy EEG and neuroendocrine responses during sleep* [39,40]
Supports sleep organization and regulation* [41–44]
Supports exercise tolerance in contexts of poor sleep* [45]
Supports muscle function*
Supports healthy muscle contraction* [7,46]
Supports optimal muscle strength* [47,48]
Supports the skeletal system*
Supports healthy bone metabolism/remodeling and optimal calcium absorption* [6]
Supports healthy calcitonin and parathyroid hormone activity* [6]
Supports optimal bone formation* [6]
Supports a healthy gut microbiota*
Supports a healthy composition of the gut microbiota* [49–51]
Complementary ingredients*
Commonly supplemented with calcium for bone support*
Supports vitamin D metabolism* [52]
B-complex vitamins and melatonin supplementation for sleep support* [53]
Zinc and melatonin supplementation for sleep support* [54]
Vitamin B6 for mood support* [55,56]
Hawthorn and California poppy for mood support* [57]
Antioxidant vitamins for hearing support* [58–60]
TAURINE KEY MECHANISMS
Supports brain function*
Supports synaptic long-term potentiation* [61]
Supports GABAergic neurotransmission* [62–65]
Supports glycinergic neurotransmission* [66]
Supports brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)* [65]
Supports neuroprotective functions* [67]
Supports cerebral blood flow* [67]
Supports neuronal mitochondrial function* [67]
Supports positive affective responses and calm behaviors (in animals)* [66,68–72]
Supports vision*
Supports resistance to visual fatigue* [73]
Supports synaptic transmission in retinal ganglion cells* [74]
Supports eyes against stress from blue light* [75–77]
Supports retinal and optic nerve neuroprotective functions* [78–87]
Supports retinal antioxidant defense functions* [80,81,88]
Supports photoreceptor cell visual function* [78]
Supports mitochondrial function and antioxidant defenses*
Supports mitochondrial respiratory chain function* [89,90]
Supports antioxidant defenses* [91–94]
Supports tissue protection from oxidative damage* [69,94–96]
Supports healthy cardiovascular function*
Supports healthy vascular endothelial cell function* [97–99]
Supports healthy cardiac muscle cell function* [95,96]
Supports healthy blood flow* [97,99]
*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
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[83]N. Froger, L. Cadetti, H. Lorach, J. Martins, A.-P. Bemelmans, E. Dubus, J. Degardin, D. Pain, V. Forster, L. Chicaud, I. Ivkovic, M. Simonutti, S. Fouquet, F. Jammoul, T. Léveillard, R. Benosman, J.-A. Sahel, S. Picaud, PLoS One 7 (2012) e42017.
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[98]S.-G. Ra, Y. Choi, N. Akazawa, K. Kawanaka, H. Ohmori, S. Maeda, Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 1155 (2019) 407–414.
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Magnesium (as Magnesium Aspartate)
Magnesium aspartate is a magnesium salt of aspartic acid. Magnesium is one of the most abundant minerals in the body and plays a vital role in supporting the function of all living cells. It’s used in more than 300 enzymes. ATP (i.e., cellular energy) occurs complexed with ATP, so all enzymes utilizing ATP require magnesium to support their activity. The same is true for enzymes that synthesize DNA and RNA, magnesium is always involved. Magnesium also plays a large role in promoting healthy glucose metabolism (glycolysis). Because magnesium supports the electrical functions of cells (i.e., it’s an electrolyte), it’s necessary for muscle and nerve function. Magnesium aspartate is magnesium complexed with aspartate to support its bioavailability. Aspartate is the ionic form of aspartic acid, an amino acid used in the synthesis of proteins in the human body and a metabolite in several biochemical pathways in cells, including the Krebs cycle central to cellular energy production. Magnesium aspartate has been used in several clinical studies for different purposes, most notably for supporting healthy hearing and noise protection [1–3].*
TOP BENEFITS OF MAGNESIUM ASPARTATE
Supports sleep*
Supports cardiovascular function*
Supports mood*
Supports musculoskeletal health*
Supports cellular health*
QUALIA’S MAGNESIUM ASPARTATE SOURCING
Magnesium Aspartate is a non-GMO, gluten-free, and vegan ingredient.
MAGNESIUM ASPARTATE FORMULATING PRINCIPLES AND RATIONALE
The Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) for magnesium in adults varies from 310 to 420 depending upon age and gender. Magnesium is one of the most common dietary insufficiencies—a majority of Americans of all ages ingest less magnesium from food than the recommended amount. The established upper limit (UL) of magnesium from supplements has been set at 350 mg for adults, which is lower than the RDA for some age groups and genders (this is in recognition that even diets poor in magnesium contribute some towards the RDA). Supplying even a modest amount of supplemental magnesium can help close this nutritional gap for most people [4]. The amount of magnesium, as magnesium aspartate alone or combined with other forms of magnesium, in a Qualia formula can vary depending on the role of magnesium in the formula and the formula’s intended health purpose. A serving size of a Qualia product may contain an amount of magnesium we intend to augment dietary intake (e.g., 8-20% of the RDA) or the full 350 mg UL amount.*
MAGNESIUM KEY MECHANISMS
Supports optimal metabolism and energy generation*
Supports the synthesis of ATP by ATP synthase in mitochondria* [5,6]
Part of a complex with ATP (MgATP) that is required for many rate-limiting metabolic enzymes* [7]
Supports the activity of rate-limiting enzymes involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism* [7,8]
Supports the activity of rate-limiting enzymes involved protein and nucleic acid synthesis* [7,8]
Helps maintain healthy insulin sensitivity* [9,10]
Supports cell signaling*
Supports healthy cellular sodium and potassium influx and efflux* [7]
Supports healthy cellular calcium influx and balanced calcium signaling* [7,8]
Supports the activity of adenylate cyclase - cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) synthesis* [11]
Supports cell structure*
Maintains stability of proteins, nucleic acids, chromosomes, and biological membranes* [7]
Supports healthy cardiovascular function*
Supports healthy cardiac muscle contraction and heart rhythm* [8,12]
Supports healthy vascular tone* [8,12]
Supports healthy platelet function* [8,13]
Supports brain function*
Supports hearing* [1–3,14–17]
Supports healthy neurotransmitter signaling and optimal neurological function* [8]
Supports the healthy activity of the glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor* [18,19]
Supports healthy glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) enzyme function that converts glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, and vice versa* [20,21]
Supports healthy serotonin N-acetyltransferase function - an enzyme that is involved in the day/night rhythmic production of melatonin from serotonin* [22,23]
Supports healthy brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) function* [19,24,25]
Supports healthy neural stem cell proliferation* [26]
Supports healthy brain mitochondrial function* [26]
Supports a healthy mood*
Supports mental well-being* [27,28]
Supports healthy behavioral and physiological responses to stress* [25,29–32]
Supports sleep*
Supports optimal sleep quality* [33–36]
Supports healthy EEG and neuroendocrine responses during sleep* [37,38]
Supports sleep organization and regulation* [39–42]
Supports exercise tolerance in contexts of poor sleep* [43]
Supports muscle function*
Supports healthy muscle contraction* [8,44]
Supports optimal muscle strength* [45,46]
Supports the skeletal system*
Supports healthy bone metabolism/remodeling and optimal calcium absorption* [7]
Supports healthy calcitonin and parathyroid hormone activity* [7]
Supports optimal bone formation* [7]
Supports a healthy gut microbiota*
Supports a healthy composition of the gut microbiota* [47–49]
Complementary ingredients*
Commonly supplemented with calcium for bone support*
Supports vitamin D metabolism* [50]
B-complex vitamins and melatonin supplementation for sleep support* [51]
Zinc and melatonin supplementation for sleep support* [52]
Vitamin B6 for mood support* [53,54]
Hawthorn and California poppy for mood support* [55]
Antioxidant vitamins for hearing support* [56–58]
*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
REFERENCES
[1]B.I. Nageris, D. Ulanovski, J. Attias, Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol. 113 (2004) 672–675.
[2]J. Attias, G. Weisz, S. Almog, A. Shahar, M. Wiener, Z. Joachims, A. Netzer, H. Ising, E. Rebentisch, T. Guenther, Am. J. Otolaryngol. 15 (1994) 26–32.
[3]J. Attias, S. Sapir, I. Bresloff, I. Reshef-Haran, H. Ising, Clin. Otolaryngol. Allied Sci. 29 (2004) 635–641.
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[6]A.U. Igamberdiev, L.A. Kleczkowski, Front. Plant Sci. 6 (2015) 10.
[7]S.-M. Glasdam, S. Glasdam, G.H. Peters, Adv. Clin. Chem. 73 (2016) 169–193.
[8]W. Jahnen-Dechent, M. Ketteler, Clin. Kidney J. 5 (2012) i3–i14.
[9]M. Barbagallo, L.J. Dominguez, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 458 (2007) 40–47.
[10]M. de L. Lima, T. Cruz, L.E. Rodrigues, O. Bomfim, J. Melo, R. Correia, M. Porto, A. Cedro, E. Vicente, Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 83 (2009) 257–262.
[11]S.Y. Cech, W.C. Broaddus, M.E. Maguire, Mol. Cell. Biochem. 33 (1980) 67–92.
[12]B.M. Altura, B.T. Altura, Magnesium 4 (1985) 226–244.
[13]M. Shechter, C.N. Merz, M. Paul-Labrador, S.R. Meisel, R.K. Rude, M.D. Molloy, J.H. Dwyer, P.K. Shah, S. Kaul, Am. J. Cardiol. 84 (1999) 152–156.
[14]Z. Joachims, A. Netzer, H. Ising, E. Rebentisch, J. Attias, G. Weisz, T. Günther, Schriftenr. Ver. Wasser Boden Lufthyg. 88 (1993) 503–516.
[15]F. Scheibe, H. Haupt, B. Mazurek, O. König, Noise Health 3 (2001) 79–84.
[16]A. Gordin, D. Goldenberg, A. Golz, A. Netzer, H.Z. Joachims, Otol. Neurotol. 23 (2002) 447–451.
[17]M.J. Cevette, D.M. Barrs, A. Patel, K.P. Conroy, S. Sydlowski, B.N. Noble, G.A. Nelson, J. Stepanek, Int. Tinnitus J. 16 (2011) 168–173.
[18]J.P. Ruppersberg, E. v. Kitzing, R. Schoepfer, Seminars in Neuroscience 6 (1994) 87–96.
[19]N. Abumaria, B. Yin, L. Zhang, X.-Y. Li, T. Chen, G. Descalzi, L. Zhao, M. Ahn, L. Luo, C. Ran, M. Zhuo, G. Liu, J. Neurosci. 31 (2011) 14871–14881.
[20]L.A. Fahien, J.K. Teller, M.J. Macdonald, C.M. Fahien, Mol. Pharmacol. 37 (1990) 943–949.
[21]B. Pochwat, G. Nowak, B. Szewczyk, Pharmacol. Rep. 68 (2016) 881–885.
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[25]J. Petrović, D. Stanić, Z. Bulat, N. Puškaš, M. Labudović-Borović, B. Batinić, D. Mirković, S. Ignjatović, V. Pešić, Horm. Behav. 105 (2018) 1–10.
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[49]G. Winther, B.M. Pyndt Jørgensen, B. Elfving, D.S. Nielsen, P. Kihl, S. Lund, D.B. Sørensen, G. Wegener, Acta Neuropsychiatr. 27 (2015) 168–176.
[50]Q. Dai, M.J. Shrubsole, R.M. Ness, D. Schlundt, Q. Cai, W.E. Smalley, M. Li, Y. Shyr, W. Zheng, Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 86 (2007) 743–751.
[51]G. Djokic, P. Vojvodic, D. Korcok, A. Agic, A. Rankovic, V. Djordjevic, A. Vojvodic, T. Vlaskovic-Jovicevic, Z. Peric-Hajzler, J. Vojvodic, D. Matovic, G. Sijan, U. Wollina, M. Tirant, V.T. Nguyen, M. Fioranelli, T. Lotti, Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 7 (2019) 3101–3105.
[52]M. Rondanelli, A. Opizzi, F. Monteferrario, N. Antoniello, R. Manni, C. Klersy, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 59 (2011) 82–90.
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Concentrated Sea Water Minerals
Concentrated Sea Water Minerals is a standardized mineral and trace mineral complex extracted from the Great Salt Lake in Utah, an inland sea. It’s obtained through a process in which sodium chloride precipitates, and magnesium and other minerals naturally concentrate, creating a complex rich in magnesium chloride, and containing a full spectrum of trace minerals found in seawater. Magnesium is one of the most abundant minerals in the body and plays a vital role in supporting the function of all living cells. It’s used in more than 300 enzymes. ATP (i.e., cellular energy) occurs complexed with magnesium, so all enzymes utilizing ATP require magnesium to support their activity. The same is true for enzymes that synthesize DNA and RNA, magnesium is always involved. Magnesium also plays a large role in promoting healthy glucose metabolism (glycolysis). Because magnesium supports the electrical functions of cells (i.e., it’s an electrolyte), it’s necessary for muscle and nerve function. Chloride (Cl-) is also involved in many processes in human cells. Chloride is the second most abundant electrolyte in blood serum (after sodium), and has a key role in regulating body fluids and electrolyte balance.*
TOP BENEFITS OF CONCENTRATED SEA WATER MINERALS
Supports sleep*
Supports cardiovascular function*
Supports mood*
Supports musculoskeletal health*
Supports cellular health*
QUALIA’S CONCENTRATED SEA WATER MINERALS SOURCING
Concentrated Sea Water Minerals is a source of magnesium chloride containing not less than 34% chloride (34-55%) and 14% magnesium (14-21%). It also contains 60+ other naturally occurring minerals and trace minerals found in the Great Salt Lake (sulfate 1.5-6%, sodium 0.25-0.9%, potassium less than 0.4%, as examples).
Concentrated Sea Water Minerals is a non-GMO, vegan, gluten free and certified cGMP, Kosher, and Halal ingredient.
CONCENTRATED SEA WATER MINERALS FORMULATING PRINCIPLES AND RATIONALE
Minerals can be categorized based upon the amounts the human body needs. Macrominerals include calcium, chloride, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, and sulfur. Our body requires large amounts—more than 100 mg daily—of these minerals. Microminerals are minerals we need in smaller or “trace” amounts, so they are also called trace minerals or trace elements. There are dozens of trace minerals, some of which, including chromium, copper, selenium, and zinc, have essential and well-established functions in support of human health. Many other trace minerals have had less research, but we would naturally consume them in minute amounts in food and water. Concentrated sea water minerals are used to supply a full spectrum of these trace minerals, along with magnesium and chloride. The amount included is intended to augment dietary intake by replacing some of the minerals that may be removed from water with water purification or depleted in soil because of modern agricultural practices.*
MAGNESIUM KEY MECHANISMS
Supports optimal metabolism and energy generation*
Supports the synthesis of ATP by ATP synthase in mitochondria* [1,2]
Part of a complex with ATP (MgATP) that is required for many rate-limiting metabolic enzymes* [3]
Supports the activity of rate-limiting enzymes involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism* [3,4]
Supports the activity of rate-limiting enzymes involved protein and nucleic acid synthesis* [3,4]
Helps maintain healthy insulin sensitivity* [5,6]
Supports cell signaling*
Supports healthy cellular sodium and potassium influx and efflux* [3]
Supports healthy cellular calcium influx and balanced calcium signaling* [3,4]
Supports the activity of adenylate cyclase - cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) synthesis* [7]
Supports cell structure*
Maintains stability of proteins, nucleic acids, chromosomes, and biological membranes* [3]
Supports healthy cardiovascular function*
Supports healthy cardiac muscle contraction and heart rhythm* [4,8]
Supports healthy vascular tone* [4,8]
Supports healthy platelet function* [4,9]
Supports brain function*
Supports hearing* [10–16]
Supports healthy neurotransmitter signaling and optimal neurological function* [4]
Supports the healthy activity of the glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor* [17,18]
Supports healthy glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) enzyme function that converts glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, and vice versa* [19,20]
Supports healthy serotonin N-acetyltransferase function - an enzyme that is involved in the day/night rhythmic production of melatonin from serotonin* [21,22]
Supports healthy brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) function* [18,23,24]
Supports healthy neural stem cell proliferation* [25]
Supports healthy brain mitochondrial function* [25]
Supports a healthy mood*
Supports mental well-being* [26,27]
Supports healthy behavioral and physiological responses to stress* [24,28–31]
Supports sleep*
Supports optimal sleep quality* [32–35]
Supports healthy EEG and neuroendocrine responses during sleep* [36,37]
Supports sleep organization and regulation* [38–41]
Supports exercise tolerance in contexts of poor sleep* [42]
Supports muscle function*
Supports healthy muscle contraction* [4,43]
Supports optimal muscle strength* [44,45]
Supports the skeletal system*
Supports healthy bone metabolism/remodeling and optimal calcium absorption* [3]
Supports healthy calcitonin and parathyroid hormone activity* [3]
Supports optimal bone formation* [3]
Supports a healthy gut microbiota*
Supports a healthy composition of the gut microbiota* [46–48]
Complementary ingredients*
Commonly supplemented with calcium for bone support*
Supports vitamin D metabolism* [49]
B-complex vitamins and melatonin supplementation for sleep support* [50]
Zinc and melatonin supplementation for sleep support* [51]
Vitamin B6 for mood support* [52,53]
Hawthorn and California poppy for mood support* [54]
Antioxidant vitamins for hearing support* [55–57]
*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
REFERENCES
[1]Y.H. Ko, S. Hong, P.L. Pedersen, J. Biol. Chem. 274 (1999) 28853–28856.
[2]A.U. Igamberdiev, L.A. Kleczkowski, Front. Plant Sci. 6 (2015) 10.
[3]S.-M. Glasdam, S. Glasdam, G.H. Peters, Adv. Clin. Chem. 73 (2016) 169–193.
[4]W. Jahnen-Dechent, M. Ketteler, Clin. Kidney J. 5 (2012) i3–i14.
[5]M. Barbagallo, L.J. Dominguez, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 458 (2007) 40–47.
[6]M. de L. Lima, T. Cruz, L.E. Rodrigues, O. Bomfim, J. Melo, R. Correia, M. Porto, A. Cedro, E. Vicente, Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 83 (2009) 257–262.
[7]S.Y. Cech, W.C. Broaddus, M.E. Maguire, Mol. Cell. Biochem. 33 (1980) 67–92.
[8]B.M. Altura, B.T. Altura, Magnesium 4 (1985) 226–244.
[9]M. Shechter, C.N. Merz, M. Paul-Labrador, S.R. Meisel, R.K. Rude, M.D. Molloy, J.H. Dwyer, P.K. Shah, S. Kaul, Am. J. Cardiol. 84 (1999) 152–156.
[10]Z. Joachims, A. Netzer, H. Ising, E. Rebentisch, J. Attias, G. Weisz, T. Günther, Schriftenr. Ver. Wasser Boden Lufthyg. 88 (1993) 503–516.
[11]J. Attias, G. Weisz, S. Almog, A. Shahar, M. Wiener, Z. Joachims, A. Netzer, H. Ising, E. Rebentisch, T. Guenther, Am. J. Otolaryngol. 15 (1994) 26–32.
[12]F. Scheibe, H. Haupt, B. Mazurek, O. König, Noise Health 3 (2001) 79–84.
[13]A. Gordin, D. Goldenberg, A. Golz, A. Netzer, H.Z. Joachims, Otol. Neurotol. 23 (2002) 447–451.
[14]B.I. Nageris, D. Ulanovski, J. Attias, Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol. 113 (2004) 672–675.
[15]J. Attias, S. Sapir, I. Bresloff, I. Reshef-Haran, H. Ising, Clin. Otolaryngol. Allied Sci. 29 (2004) 635–641.
[16]M.J. Cevette, D.M. Barrs, A. Patel, K.P. Conroy, S. Sydlowski, B.N. Noble, G.A. Nelson, J. Stepanek, Int. Tinnitus J. 16 (2011) 168–173.
[17]J.P. Ruppersberg, E. v. Kitzing, R. Schoepfer, Seminars in Neuroscience 6 (1994) 87–96.
[18]N. Abumaria, B. Yin, L. Zhang, X.-Y. Li, T. Chen, G. Descalzi, L. Zhao, M. Ahn, L. Luo, C. Ran, M. Zhuo, G. Liu, J. Neurosci. 31 (2011) 14871–14881.
[19]L.A. Fahien, J.K. Teller, M.J. Macdonald, C.M. Fahien, Mol. Pharmacol. 37 (1990) 943–949.
[20]B. Pochwat, G. Nowak, B. Szewczyk, Pharmacol. Rep. 68 (2016) 881–885.
[21]D.J. Morton, M.F. James, J. Pineal Res. 2 (1985) 387–391.
[22]A.J. Billyard, D.L. Eggett, K.B. Franz, Magnes. Res. 19 (2006) 157–161.
[23]B. Pochwat, M. Sowa-Kucma, K. Kotarska, P. Misztak, G. Nowak, B. Szewczyk, Psychopharmacology 232 (2015) 355–367.
[24]J. Petrović, D. Stanić, Z. Bulat, N. Puškaš, M. Labudović-Borović, B. Batinić, D. Mirković, S. Ignjatović, V. Pešić, Horm. Behav. 105 (2018) 1–10.
[25]S. Jia, C. Mou, Y. Ma, R. Han, X. Li, Cell Biol. Int. 40 (2016) 465–471.
[26]G.A. Eby, K.L. Eby, Med. Hypotheses 67 (2006) 362–370.
[27]N.B. Boyle, C. Lawton, L. Dye, Nutrients 9 (2017) 429.
[28]E. Poleszak, B. Szewczyk, E. Kedzierska, P. Wlaź, A. Pilc, G. Nowak, Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 78 (2004) 7–12.
[29]L. Fromm, D.L. Heath, R. Vink, A.J. Nimmo, J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 23 (2004) 529S–533S.
[30]I.N. Iezhitsa, A.A. Spasov, M.V. Kharitonova, M.S. Kravchenko, Nutr. Neurosci. 14 (2011) 10–24.
[31]E. Poleszak, Pharmacol. Rep. 60 (2008) 483–489.
[32]M. Hornyak, U. Voderholzer, F. Hohagen, M. Berger, D. Riemann, Sleep 21 (1998) 501–505.
[33]M. Hornyak, P. Haas, J. Veit, H. Gann, D. Riemann, Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 28 (2004) 1702–1709.
[34]B. Abbasi, M. Kimiagar, K. Sadeghniiat, M.M. Shirazi, M. Hedayati, B. Rashidkhani, J. Res. Med. Sci. 17 (2012) 1161–1169.
[35]N.R. Maor, M. Alperin, E. Shturman, H. Khairaldeen, M. Friedman, K. Karkabi, U. Milman, JAMA Intern. Med. 177 (2017) 617–623.
[36]K. Held, I.A. Antonijevic, H. Künzel, M. Uhr, T.C. Wetter, I.C. Golly, A. Steiger, H. Murck, Pharmacopsychiatry 35 (2002) 135–143.
[37]H. Murck, A. Steiger, Psychopharmacology 137 (1998) 247–252.
[38]S. Poenaru, S. Rouhani, J. Durlach, N. Aymard, F. Belkahla, Y. Rayssiguier, M. Iovino, Magnesium 3 (1984) 145–151.
[39]L. Popoviciu, D. Delast-Popoviciu, R. Delast-Popoviciu, I. Bagathai, G. Bicher, C. Buksa, S. Covaciu, E. Szalay, Rom. J. Neurol. Psychiatry 28 (1990) 19–24.
[40]H. Depoortere, D. Françon, J. Llopis, Neuropsychobiology 27 (1993) 237–245.
[41]D. Chollet, P. Franken, Y. Raffin, J.G. Henrotte, J. Widmer, A. Malafosse, M. Tafti, Behav. Genet. 31 (2001) 413–425.
[42]K. Tanabe, A. Yamamoto, N. Suzuki, N. Osada, Y. Yokoyama, H. Samejima, A. Seki, M. Oya, T. Murabayashi, M. Nakayama, M. Yamamoto, K. Omiya, H. Itoh, M. Murayama, Japanese Circulation Journal 62 (1998) 341–346.
[43]J.D. Potter, S.P. Robertson, J.D. Johnson, Fed. Proc. 40 (1981) 2653–2656.
[44]L.R. Brilla, T.F. Haley, J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 11 (1992) 326–329.
[45]L.J. Dominguez, M. Barbagallo, F. Lauretani, S. Bandinelli, A. Bos, A.M. Corsi, E.M. Simonsick, L. Ferrucci, Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 84 (2006) 419–426.
[46]E.K. Crowley, C.M. Long-Smith, A. Murphy, E. Patterson, K. Murphy, D.M. O’Gorman, C. Stanton, Y.M. Nolan, Mar. Drugs 16 (2018).
[47]B. Pyndt Jørgensen, G. Winther, P. Kihl, D.S. Nielsen, G. Wegener, A.K. Hansen, D.B. Sørensen, Acta Neuropsychiatr. 27 (2015) 307–311.
[48]G. Winther, B.M. Pyndt Jørgensen, B. Elfving, D.S. Nielsen, P. Kihl, S. Lund, D.B. Sørensen, G. Wegener, Acta Neuropsychiatr. 27 (2015) 168–176.
[49]Q. Dai, M.J. Shrubsole, R.M. Ness, D. Schlundt, Q. Cai, W.E. Smalley, M. Li, Y. Shyr, W. Zheng, Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 86 (2007) 743–751.
[50]G. Djokic, P. Vojvodic, D. Korcok, A. Agic, A. Rankovic, V. Djordjevic, A. Vojvodic, T. Vlaskovic-Jovicevic, Z. Peric-Hajzler, J. Vojvodic, D. Matovic, G. Sijan, U. Wollina, M. Tirant, V.T. Nguyen, M. Fioranelli, T. Lotti, Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 7 (2019) 3101–3105.
[51]M. Rondanelli, A. Opizzi, F. Monteferrario, N. Antoniello, R. Manni, C. Klersy, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 59 (2011) 82–90.
[52]M.C.D. Souza, M.C. De Souza, A.F. Walker, P.A. Robinson, K. Bolland, Journal of Women’s Health & Gender-Based Medicine 9 (2000) 131–139.
[53]V.V. Kalinin, E.V. Zheleznova, T.A. Rogacheva, L.V. Sokolova, D.A. Polianskiĭ, A.A. Zemlianaia, D.M. Nazmetdinova, Zh. Nevrol. Psikhiatr. Im. S S Korsakova 104 (2004) 51–55.
[54]M. Hanus, J. Lafon, M. Mathieu, Curr. Med. Res. Opin. 20 (2004) 63–71.
[55]C.G. Le Prell, L.F. Hughes, J.M. Miller, Free Radic. Biol. Med. 42 (2007) 1454–1463.
[56]J.C. Alvarado, V. Fuentes-Santamaría, M.C. Gabaldón-Ull, J.M. Juiz, Front. Neurosci. 12 (2018) 527.
[57]C.G. Le Prell, P.M. Gagnon, D.C. Bennett, K.K. Ohlemiller, Transl. Res. 158 (2011) 38–53.
Magnesium Gluconate
Magnesium Gluconate is magnesium salt of gluconic acid (salts of gluconic acid are known as gluconates). Magnesium is one of the most abundant minerals in the body and plays a vital role in supporting the function of all living cells. It’s used in more than 300 enzymes. ATP (i.e., cellular energy) occurs complexed with magnesium, so all enzymes utilizing ATP require magnesium to support their activity. The same is true for enzymes that synthesize DNA and RNA, magnesium is always involved. Magnesium also plays a large role in promoting healthy glucose metabolism (glycolysis). Because magnesium supports the electrical functions of cells (i.e., it’s an electrolyte), it’s necessary for muscle and nerve function. When a magnesium ion is complexed with two gluconic acid molecules, the magnesium gluconate formed is one of the most bioavailable and best retained forms of magnesium [1].*
TOP BENEFITS OF MAGNESIUM GLUCONATE
Supports sleep*
Supports cardiovascular function*
Supports mood*
Supports musculoskeletal health*
Supports cellular health*
QUALIA’S MAGNESIUM GLUCONATE SOURCING
Magnesium Gluconate is a non-GMO, gluten-free, and vegan ingredient.
MAGNESIUM GLUCONATE FORMULATING PRINCIPLES AND RATIONALE
The Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) for magnesium in adults varies from 310 to 420 depending upon age and gender. Magnesium is one of the most common dietary insufficiencies—a majority of Americans of all ages ingest less magnesium from food than the recommended amount. The established upper limit (UL) of magnesium from supplements has been set at 350 mg for adults, which is lower than the RDA for some age groups and genders (this is in recognition that even diets poor in magnesium contribute some towards the RDA). Supplying even a modest amount of supplemental magnesium can help close this nutritional gap for most people [2]. The amount of magnesium, as magnesium gluconate alone or combined with other forms of magnesium, in a Qualia formula can vary depending on the role of magnesium in the formula and the formula’s intended health purpose. A serving size of a Qualia product may contain an amount of magnesium we intend to augment dietary intake (e.g., 8-20% of the RDA) or the full 350 mg UL amount.*
MAGNESIUM KEY MECHANISMS
Supports optimal metabolism and energy generation*
Supports the synthesis of ATP by ATP synthase in mitochondria* [3,4]
Part of a complex with ATP (MgATP) that is required for many rate-limiting metabolic enzymes* [5]
Supports the activity of rate-limiting enzymes involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism* [5,6]
Supports the activity of rate-limiting enzymes involved protein and nucleic acid synthesis* [5,6]
Helps maintain healthy insulin sensitivity* [7,8]
Supports cell signaling*
Supports healthy cellular sodium and potassium influx and efflux* [5]
Supports healthy cellular calcium influx and balanced calcium signaling* [5,6]
Supports the activity of adenylate cyclase - cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) synthesis* [9]
Supports cell structure*
Maintains stability of proteins, nucleic acids, chromosomes, and biological membranes* [5]
Supports healthy cardiovascular function*
Supports healthy cardiac muscle contraction and heart rhythm* [6,10]
Supports healthy vascular tone* [6,10]
Supports healthy platelet function* [6,11]
Supports brain function*
Supports hearing* [12–18]
Supports healthy neurotransmitter signaling and optimal neurological function* [6]
Supports the healthy activity of the glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor* [19,20]
Supports healthy glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) enzyme function that converts glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, and vice versa* [21,22]
Supports healthy serotonin N-acetyltransferase function - an enzyme that is involved in the day/night rhythmic production of melatonin from serotonin* [23,24]
Supports healthy brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) function* [20,25,26]
Supports healthy neural stem cell proliferation* [27]
Supports healthy brain mitochondrial function* [27]
Supports a healthy mood*
Supports mental well-being* [28,29]
Supports healthy behavioral and physiological responses to stress* [26,30–33]
Supports sleep*
Supports optimal sleep quality* [34–37]
Supports healthy EEG and neuroendocrine responses during sleep* [38,39]
Supports sleep organization and regulation* [40–43]
Supports exercise tolerance in contexts of poor sleep* [44]
Supports muscle function*
Supports healthy muscle contraction* [6,45]
Supports optimal muscle strength* [46,47]
Supports the skeletal system*
Supports healthy bone metabolism/remodeling and optimal calcium absorption* [5]
Supports healthy calcitonin and parathyroid hormone activity* [5]
Supports optimal bone formation* [5]
Supports a healthy gut microbiota*
Supports a healthy composition of the gut microbiota* [48–50]
Complementary ingredients*
Commonly supplemented with calcium for bone support*
Supports vitamin D metabolism* [51]
B-complex vitamins and melatonin supplementation for sleep support* [52]
Zinc and melatonin supplementation for sleep support* [53]
Vitamin B6 for mood support* [54,55]
Hawthorn and California poppy for mood support* [56]
Antioxidant vitamins for hearing support* [57–59]
*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
REFERENCES
[1]C. Coudray, M. Rambeau, C. Feillet-Coudray, E. Gueux, J.C. Tressol, A. Mazur, Y. Rayssiguier, Magnes. Res. 18 (2005) 215–223.
[2](n.d.).
[3]Y.H. Ko, S. Hong, P.L. Pedersen, J. Biol. Chem. 274 (1999) 28853–28856.
[4]A.U. Igamberdiev, L.A. Kleczkowski, Front. Plant Sci. 6 (2015) 10.
[5]S.-M. Glasdam, S. Glasdam, G.H. Peters, Adv. Clin. Chem. 73 (2016) 169–193.
[6]W. Jahnen-Dechent, M. Ketteler, Clin. Kidney J. 5 (2012) i3–i14.
[7]M. Barbagallo, L.J. Dominguez, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 458 (2007) 40–47.
[8]M. de L. Lima, T. Cruz, L.E. Rodrigues, O. Bomfim, J. Melo, R. Correia, M. Porto, A. Cedro, E. Vicente, Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 83 (2009) 257–262.
[9]S.Y. Cech, W.C. Broaddus, M.E. Maguire, Mol. Cell. Biochem. 33 (1980) 67–92.
[10]B.M. Altura, B.T. Altura, Magnesium 4 (1985) 226–244.
[11]M. Shechter, C.N. Merz, M. Paul-Labrador, S.R. Meisel, R.K. Rude, M.D. Molloy, J.H. Dwyer, P.K. Shah, S. Kaul, Am. J. Cardiol. 84 (1999) 152–156.
[12]Z. Joachims, A. Netzer, H. Ising, E. Rebentisch, J. Attias, G. Weisz, T. Günther, Schriftenr. Ver. Wasser Boden Lufthyg. 88 (1993) 503–516.
[13]J. Attias, G. Weisz, S. Almog, A. Shahar, M. Wiener, Z. Joachims, A. Netzer, H. Ising, E. Rebentisch, T. Guenther, Am. J. Otolaryngol. 15 (1994) 26–32.
[14]F. Scheibe, H. Haupt, B. Mazurek, O. König, Noise Health 3 (2001) 79–84.
[15]A. Gordin, D. Goldenberg, A. Golz, A. Netzer, H.Z. Joachims, Otol. Neurotol. 23 (2002) 447–451.
[16]B.I. Nageris, D. Ulanovski, J. Attias, Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol. 113 (2004) 672–675.
[17]J. Attias, S. Sapir, I. Bresloff, I. Reshef-Haran, H. Ising, Clin. Otolaryngol. Allied Sci. 29 (2004) 635–641.
[18]M.J. Cevette, D.M. Barrs, A. Patel, K.P. Conroy, S. Sydlowski, B.N. Noble, G.A. Nelson, J. Stepanek, Int. Tinnitus J. 16 (2011) 168–173.
[19]J.P. Ruppersberg, E. v. Kitzing, R. Schoepfer, Seminars in Neuroscience 6 (1994) 87–96.
[20]N. Abumaria, B. Yin, L. Zhang, X.-Y. Li, T. Chen, G. Descalzi, L. Zhao, M. Ahn, L. Luo, C. Ran, M. Zhuo, G. Liu, J. Neurosci. 31 (2011) 14871–14881.
[21]L.A. Fahien, J.K. Teller, M.J. Macdonald, C.M. Fahien, Mol. Pharmacol. 37 (1990) 943–949.
[22]B. Pochwat, G. Nowak, B. Szewczyk, Pharmacol. Rep. 68 (2016) 881–885.
[23]D.J. Morton, M.F. James, J. Pineal Res. 2 (1985) 387–391.
[24]A.J. Billyard, D.L. Eggett, K.B. Franz, Magnes. Res. 19 (2006) 157–161.
[25]B. Pochwat, M. Sowa-Kucma, K. Kotarska, P. Misztak, G. Nowak, B. Szewczyk, Psychopharmacology 232 (2015) 355–367.
[26]J. Petrović, D. Stanić, Z. Bulat, N. Puškaš, M. Labudović-Borović, B. Batinić, D. Mirković, S. Ignjatović, V. Pešić, Horm. Behav. 105 (2018) 1–10.
[27]S. Jia, C. Mou, Y. Ma, R. Han, X. Li, Cell Biol. Int. 40 (2016) 465–471.
[28]G.A. Eby, K.L. Eby, Med. Hypotheses 67 (2006) 362–370.
[29]N.B. Boyle, C. Lawton, L. Dye, Nutrients 9 (2017) 429.
[30]E. Poleszak, B. Szewczyk, E. Kedzierska, P. Wlaź, A. Pilc, G. Nowak, Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 78 (2004) 7–12.
[31]L. Fromm, D.L. Heath, R. Vink, A.J. Nimmo, J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 23 (2004) 529S–533S.
[32]I.N. Iezhitsa, A.A. Spasov, M.V. Kharitonova, M.S. Kravchenko, Nutr. Neurosci. 14 (2011) 10–24.
[33]E. Poleszak, Pharmacol. Rep. 60 (2008) 483–489.
[34]M. Hornyak, U. Voderholzer, F. Hohagen, M. Berger, D. Riemann, Sleep 21 (1998) 501–505.
[35]M. Hornyak, P. Haas, J. Veit, H. Gann, D. Riemann, Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 28 (2004) 1702–1709.
[36]B. Abbasi, M. Kimiagar, K. Sadeghniiat, M.M. Shirazi, M. Hedayati, B. Rashidkhani, J. Res. Med. Sci. 17 (2012) 1161–1169.
[37]N.R. Maor, M. Alperin, E. Shturman, H. Khairaldeen, M. Friedman, K. Karkabi, U. Milman, JAMA Intern. Med. 177 (2017) 617–623.
[38]K. Held, I.A. Antonijevic, H. Künzel, M. Uhr, T.C. Wetter, I.C. Golly, A. Steiger, H. Murck, Pharmacopsychiatry 35 (2002) 135–143.
[39]H. Murck, A. Steiger, Psychopharmacology 137 (1998) 247–252.
[40]S. Poenaru, S. Rouhani, J. Durlach, N. Aymard, F. Belkahla, Y. Rayssiguier, M. Iovino, Magnesium 3 (1984) 145–151.
[41]L. Popoviciu, D. Delast-Popoviciu, R. Delast-Popoviciu, I. Bagathai, G. Bicher, C. Buksa, S. Covaciu, E. Szalay, Rom. J. Neurol. Psychiatry 28 (1990) 19–24.
[42]H. Depoortere, D. Françon, J. Llopis, Neuropsychobiology 27 (1993) 237–245.
[43]D. Chollet, P. Franken, Y. Raffin, J.G. Henrotte, J. Widmer, A. Malafosse, M. Tafti, Behav. Genet. 31 (2001) 413–425.
[44]K. Tanabe, A. Yamamoto, N. Suzuki, N. Osada, Y. Yokoyama, H. Samejima, A. Seki, M. Oya, T. Murabayashi, M. Nakayama, M. Yamamoto, K. Omiya, H. Itoh, M. Murayama, Japanese Circulation Journal 62 (1998) 341–346.
[45]J.D. Potter, S.P. Robertson, J.D. Johnson, Fed. Proc. 40 (1981) 2653–2656.
[46]L.R. Brilla, T.F. Haley, J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 11 (1992) 326–329.
[47]L.J. Dominguez, M. Barbagallo, F. Lauretani, S. Bandinelli, A. Bos, A.M. Corsi, E.M. Simonsick, L. Ferrucci, Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 84 (2006) 419–426.
[48]E.K. Crowley, C.M. Long-Smith, A. Murphy, E. Patterson, K. Murphy, D.M. O’Gorman, C. Stanton, Y.M. Nolan, Mar. Drugs 16 (2018).
[49]B. Pyndt Jørgensen, G. Winther, P. Kihl, D.S. Nielsen, G. Wegener, A.K. Hansen, D.B. Sørensen, Acta Neuropsychiatr. 27 (2015) 307–311.
[50]G. Winther, B.M. Pyndt Jørgensen, B. Elfving, D.S. Nielsen, P. Kihl, S. Lund, D.B. Sørensen, G. Wegener, Acta Neuropsychiatr. 27 (2015) 168–176.
[51]Q. Dai, M.J. Shrubsole, R.M. Ness, D. Schlundt, Q. Cai, W.E. Smalley, M. Li, Y. Shyr, W. Zheng, Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 86 (2007) 743–751.
[52]G. Djokic, P. Vojvodic, D. Korcok, A. Agic, A. Rankovic, V. Djordjevic, A. Vojvodic, T. Vlaskovic-Jovicevic, Z. Peric-Hajzler, J. Vojvodic, D. Matovic, G. Sijan, U. Wollina, M. Tirant, V.T. Nguyen, M. Fioranelli, T. Lotti, Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 7 (2019) 3101–3105.
[53]M. Rondanelli, A. Opizzi, F. Monteferrario, N. Antoniello, R. Manni, C. Klersy, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 59 (2011) 82–90.
[54]M.C.D. Souza, M.C. De Souza, A.F. Walker, P.A. Robinson, K. Bolland, Journal of Women’s Health & Gender-Based Medicine 9 (2000) 131–139.
[55]V.V. Kalinin, E.V. Zheleznova, T.A. Rogacheva, L.V. Sokolova, D.A. Polianskiĭ, A.A. Zemlianaia, D.M. Nazmetdinova, Zh. Nevrol. Psikhiatr. Im. S S Korsakova 104 (2004) 51–55.
[56]M. Hanus, J. Lafon, M. Mathieu, Curr. Med. Res. Opin. 20 (2004) 63–71.
[57]C.G. Le Prell, L.F. Hughes, J.M. Miller, Free Radic. Biol. Med. 42 (2007) 1454–1463.
[58]J.C. Alvarado, V. Fuentes-Santamaría, M.C. Gabaldón-Ull, J.M. Juiz, Front. Neurosci. 12 (2018) 527.
[59]C.G. Le Prell, P.M. Gagnon, D.C. Bennett, K.K. Ohlemiller, Transl. Res. 158 (2011) 38–53.
Magnesium Acetyl Taurate
Magnesium Acetyl Taurate (synonym Magnesium Acetyltaurinate) is a patented magnesium salt of acetyl taurine, with each magnesium ion bound to two acetyl taurine molecules. Magnesium is one of the most abundant minerals in the body and plays a vital role in supporting the function of all living cells. It’s used in more than 300 enzymes. ATP (i.e., cellular energy) occurs complexed with magnesium, so all enzymes utilizing ATP require magnesium to support their activity. The same is true for enzymes that synthesize DNA and RNA, magnesium is always involved. Magnesium also plays a large role in promoting healthy glucose metabolism (glycolysis). Because magnesium supports the electrical functions of cells (i.e., it’s an electrolyte), it’s necessary for muscle and nerve function. Acetyl taurine (N-acetyltaurinate is a synonym) is an acetylated form of the sulfur-containing amino acid taurine. Taurine is present in nearly all tissues, and is the most abundant free amino acid in muscle, heart, brain, and retina. Taurine has important roles in the human body in osmoregulation, as an antioxidant, and as a neuromodulator. Taurine is present in all ocular tissues—retina, lens, cornea, etc.—and is critical for retinal and photoreceptor cell function. Taurine also supports neuroprotective functions in the central nervous system [1,2]. Magnesium Acetyl Taurate is considered a brain form of magnesium because, when magnesium is complexed with two acetyl taurine molecules, it results in a form of magnesium with high brain bioavailability [3].*
TOP BENEFITS OF MAGNESIUM ACETYL TAURATE
Supports sleep*
Supports cardiovascular function*
Supports mood*
Supports musculoskeletal health*
Supports cellular health*
QUALIA’S MAGNESIUM ACETYL TAURATE SOURCING
Magnesium Acetyl Taurate is sourced from the patent holder for this ingredient.
Magnesium Acetyl Taurate is a non-GMO, gluten-free, and vegan ingredient.
MAGNESIUM ACETYL TAURATE FORMULATING PRINCIPLES AND RATIONALE
The Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) for magnesium in adults varies from 310 to 420 depending upon age and gender. Magnesium is one of the most common dietary insufficiencies—a majority of Americans of all ages ingest less magnesium from food than the recommended amount. The established upper limit (UL) of magnesium from supplements has been set at 350 mg for adults, which is lower than the RDA for some age groups and genders (this is in recognition that even diets poor in magnesium contribute some towards the RDA). Supplying even a modest amount of supplemental magnesium can help close this nutritional gap for most people [4]. The amount of magnesium, as magnesium acetyl taurate alone or combined with other forms of magnesium, in a Qualia formula can vary depending on the role of magnesium in the formula and the formula’s intended health purpose. A serving size of a Qualia product may contain an amount of magnesium we intend to augment dietary intake (e.g., 8-20% of the RDA) or the full 350 mg UL amount.*
MAGNESIUM KEY MECHANISMS
Supports optimal metabolism and energy generation*
Supports the synthesis of ATP by ATP synthase in mitochondria* [5,6]
Part of a complex with ATP (MgATP) that is required for many rate-limiting metabolic enzymes* [7]
Supports the activity of rate-limiting enzymes involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism* [7,8]
Supports the activity of rate-limiting enzymes involved protein and nucleic acid synthesis* [7,8]
Helps maintain healthy insulin sensitivity* [9,10]
Supports cell signaling*
Supports healthy cellular sodium and potassium influx and efflux* [7]
Supports healthy cellular calcium influx and balanced calcium signaling* [7,8]
Supports the activity of adenylate cyclase - cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) synthesis* [11]
Supports cell structure*
Maintains stability of proteins, nucleic acids, chromosomes, and biological membranes* [7]
Supports healthy cardiovascular function*
Supports healthy cardiac muscle contraction and heart rhythm* [8,12]
Supports healthy vascular tone* [8,12]
Supports healthy platelet function* [8,13]
Supports brain function*
Supports hearing* [14–20]
Supports healthy neurotransmitter signaling and optimal neurological function* [8]
Supports the healthy activity of the glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor* [21,22]
Supports healthy glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) enzyme function that converts glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, and vice versa* [23,24]
Supports healthy serotonin N-acetyltransferase function - an enzyme that is involved in the day/night rhythmic production of melatonin from serotonin* [25,26]
Supports healthy brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) function* [22,27,28]
Supports healthy neural stem cell proliferation* [29]
Supports healthy brain mitochondrial function* [29]
Supports a healthy mood*
Supports mental well-being* [30,31]
Supports healthy behavioral and physiological responses to stress* [28,32–35]
Supports sleep*
Supports optimal sleep quality* [36–39]
Supports healthy EEG and neuroendocrine responses during sleep* [40,41]
Supports sleep organization and regulation* [42–45]
Supports exercise tolerance in contexts of poor sleep* [46]
Supports muscle function*
Supports healthy muscle contraction* [8,47]
Supports optimal muscle strength* [48,49]
Supports the skeletal system*
Supports healthy bone metabolism/remodeling and optimal calcium absorption* [7]
Supports healthy calcitonin and parathyroid hormone activity* [7]
Supports optimal bone formation* [7]
Supports a healthy gut microbiota*
Supports a healthy composition of the gut microbiota* [50–52]
Complementary ingredients*
Commonly supplemented with calcium for bone support*
Supports vitamin D metabolism* [53]
B-complex vitamins and melatonin supplementation for sleep support* [54]
Zinc and melatonin supplementation for sleep support* [55]
Vitamin B6 for mood support* [56,57]
Hawthorn and California poppy for mood support* [58]
Antioxidant vitamins for hearing support* [59–61]
TAURINE KEY MECHANISMS
Supports brain function*
Supports synaptic long-term potentiation* [62]
Supports GABAergic neurotransmission* [63–66]
Supports glycinergic neurotransmission* [67]
Supports brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)* [66]
Supports neuroprotective functions* [68]
Supports cerebral blood flow* [68]
Supports neuronal mitochondrial function* [68]
Supports positive affective responses and calm behaviors (in animals)* [67,69–73]
Supports vision*
Supports resistance to visual fatigue* [74]
Supports synaptic transmission in retinal ganglion cells* [75]
Supports eyes against stress from blue light* [76–78]
Supports retinal and optic nerve neuroprotective functions* [79–88]
Supports retinal antioxidant defense functions* [81,82,89]
Supports photoreceptor cell visual function* [79]
Supports mitochondrial function and antioxidant defenses*
Supports mitochondrial respiratory chain function* [90,91]
Supports antioxidant defenses* [92–95]
Supports tissue protection from oxidative damage* [70,95–97]
Supports healthy cardiovascular function*
Supports healthy vascular endothelial cell function* [98–100]
Supports healthy cardiac muscle cell function* [96,97]
Supports healthy blood flow* [98,100]
*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
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Magnesium Bisglycinate Chelate
Magnesium bisglycinate chelate is the mineral magnesium bound to two glycine molecules to support its bioavailability—the “bis” in bisglycinate comes from the Latin word for “twice.” Bisglycinate and glycinate are often used interchangeably, but magnesium bisglycinate is the more accurate chemical name, whereas magnesium glycinate is the common name. Both magnesium and glycine are involved in supporting efficient cellular function. Magnesium is one of the most abundant minerals in the body and plays a vital role in supporting the function of all living cells. It’s used in more than 300 enzymes. ATP (i.e., cellular energy) occurs complexed with magnesium, so all enzymes utilizing ATP require magnesium to support their activity. The same is true for enzymes that synthesize DNA and RNA, magnesium is always involved. Magnesium also plays a large role in promoting healthy glucose metabolism (glycolysis). Because magnesium supports the electrical functions of cells (i.e., it’s an electrolyte), it’s necessary for muscle and nerve function. Glycine was discovered in the early 1800’s. Its name comes from the Greek word for sweet, because glycine has a sweet taste similar to sugar. Glycine is a conditional amino acid. While we can make glycine inside the body (i.e., it’s non-essential), there are circumstances where the amount we make and what we get in the diet appear to be insufficient to optimize functional health. Glycine is used to make many proteins in the body. An example is glutathione, which functions as part of cellular antioxidant defenses and detoxification. Glycine is also used in the brain as a neurotransmitter and throughout the body to make collagen. Magnesium bisglycinate is used when there’s a role for both magnesium and glycine in the formula. It’s most commonly thought of as a form of magnesium that lends support for brain health, mood, and sleep.*
TOP BENEFITS OF MAGNESIUM BISGLYCINATE
Supports sleep*
Supports mood*
Supports musculoskeletal health*
Supports cellular health*
QUALIA’S MAGNESIUM BISGLYCINATE SOURCING
Magnesium bisglycinate chelate is sourced from Albion® Minerals, a world leader in chelated minerals.
Magnesium bisglycinate chelate is a non-GMO, gluten-free, and vegan ingredient.
MAGNESIUM BISGLYCINATE FORMULATING PRINCIPLES AND RATIONALE
The Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) for magnesium in adults varies from 310 to 420 depending upon age and gender. Magnesium is one of the most common dietary insufficiencies—a majority of Americans of all ages ingest less magnesium from food than the recommended amount. The established upper limit (UL) of magnesium from supplements has been set at 350 mg for adults, which is lower than the RDA for some age groups and genders (this is in recognition that even diets poor in magnesium contribute some towards the RDA). Supplying even a modest amount of supplemental magnesium can help close this nutritional gap for most people [1]. The amount of magnesium, as magnesium bisglycinate chelate alone or combined with other forms of magnesium, in a Qualia formula can vary depending on the role of magnesium in the formula and the formula’s intended health purpose. A serving size of a Qualia product may contain an amount of magnesium we intend to augment dietary intake (e.g., 8-20% of the RDA) or the full 350 mg UL amount.*
MAGNESIUM KEY MECHANISMS
Supports optimal metabolism and energy generation*
Supports the synthesis of ATP by ATP synthase in mitochondria* [2,3]
Part of a complex with ATP (MgATP) that is required for many rate-limiting metabolic enzymes* [4]
Supports the activity of rate-limiting enzymes involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism* [4,5]
Supports the activity of rate-limiting enzymes involved protein and nucleic acid synthesis* [4,5]
Helps maintain healthy insulin sensitivity* [6,7]
Supports cell signaling*
Supports healthy cellular sodium and potassium influx and efflux* [4]
Supports healthy cellular calcium influx and balanced calcium signaling* [4,5]
Supports the activity of adenylate cyclase - cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) synthesis* [8]
Supports cell structure*
Maintains stability of proteins, nucleic acids, chromosomes, and biological membranes* [4]
Supports healthy cardiovascular function*
Supports healthy cardiac muscle contraction and heart rhythm* [5,9]
Supports healthy vascular tone* [5,9]
Supports healthy platelet function* [5,10]
Supports brain function*
Supports hearing* [11–17]
Supports healthy neurotransmitter signaling and optimal neurological function* [5]
Supports the healthy activity of the glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor* [18,19]
Supports healthy glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) enzyme function that converts glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, and vice versa* [20,21]
Supports healthy serotonin N-acetyltransferase function - an enzyme that is involved in the day/night rhythmic production of melatonin from serotonin* [22,23]
Supports healthy brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) function* [19,24,25]
Supports healthy neural stem cell proliferation* [26]
Supports healthy brain mitochondrial function* [26]
Supports a healthy mood*
Supports mental well-being* [27,28]
Supports healthy behavioral and physiological responses to stress* [25,29–32]
Supports sleep*
Supports optimal sleep quality* [33–36]
Supports healthy EEG and neuroendocrine responses during sleep* [37,38]
Supports sleep organization and regulation* [39–42]
Supports exercise tolerance in contexts of poor sleep* [43]
Supports muscle function*
Supports healthy muscle contraction* [5,44]
Supports optimal muscle strength* [45,46]
Supports the skeletal system*
Supports healthy bone metabolism/remodeling and optimal calcium absorption* [4]
Supports healthy calcitonin and parathyroid hormone activity* [4]
Supports optimal bone formation* [4]
Supports a healthy gut microbiota*
Supports a healthy composition of the gut microbiota* [47–49]
Complementary ingredients*
Commonly supplemented with calcium for bone support*
Supports vitamin D metabolism* [50]
B-complex vitamins and melatonin supplementation for sleep support* [51]
Zinc and melatonin supplementation for sleep support* [52]
Vitamin B6 for mood support* [53,54]
Hawthorn and California poppy for mood support* [55]
Antioxidant vitamins for hearing support* [56–58]
GLYCINE KEY MECHANISMS
Structure and Function Roles*
Plays an essential role in protein synthesis, especially collagen synthesis* [59]
Provides flexibility to active sites in many enzymes* [60]
Supports cell membrane function to promote balanced immune responses* [61]
Protein Precursor*
Precursor for synthesis of glutathione* [62–64]
Precursor for synthesis of creatine* [65]
Precursor for synthesis of porphyrins and heme* [66]
Precursor for synthesis of purines* [67]
Supports brain and nervous system function*
Acts as a neurotransmitter (i.e., has its own neurotransmission system)* [68–71]
Supports healthy glutaminergic neurotransmission* [72]
Supports serotonergic neurotransmission* [73]
Supports sleep*
Supports sleep quality* [74,75]
Helps resist daytime sleepiness and fatigue; improves vigilance* [74–76]
Promotes healthy aging and longevity*
Supports metabolism of glycation end products (i.e., sugar-protein cross links)* [77–80]
Supports growth hormone secretion* [81]
Complementary ingredients*
N-Acetyl-Cysteine (NAC) for glutathione synthesis* [82–84]
*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, cure, or prevent any disease.
REFERENCES
[1](n.d.).
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[6]M. Barbagallo, L.J. Dominguez, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 458 (2007) 40–47.
[7]M. de L. Lima, T. Cruz, L.E. Rodrigues, O. Bomfim, J. Melo, R. Correia, M. Porto, A. Cedro, E. Vicente, Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 83 (2009) 257–262.
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Ioniplex® Fulvic Mineral Powder
Ioniplex® is a mineral powder with high fulvic acid content obtained from humic deposits (humates). The patented extraction process results in fulvic ionic material full of electrolytes, macro and micro-nutrients. Fulvic acid is a substance found in humus, the nutritious layer of soil made up of partially decomposed matter, produced by microbes as they break down organic matter. Fulvic acid is also the main bioactive of Shilajit, a tar-like, mineral-rich substance that forms over centuries from the slow decay of plants and exudes from rocks of high mountain ranges such as the Himalayas. Shilajit has been used in Ayurveda for 3000 years for the support of general health and well-being.*
TOP BENEFITS OF IONIPLEX® FULVIC MINERAL POWDER
Supports cellular health*
Supports mitochondrial function and energy production *
Supports hair, skin, and nail health*
QUALIA LIFE’S IONIPLEX® FULVIC MINERAL POWDER SOURCING
Ioniplex® is a proprietary fulvic ionic mineral complex, containing ≥77% fulvic acid, upwards of 65 major, minor and trace minerals, including calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, and iron.*
Ioniplex® is sourced from several unique humic deposits across North America.
Ioniplex® is non-GMO, vegan, gluten-free, and certified Halal and Kosher.
Ioniplex® is a trademark of Mineral Biosciences®, LLC.
IONIPLEX® FULVIC MINERAL POWDER FORMULATING PRINCIPLES AND RATIONALE
The supplier of Ioniplex® suggests a serving of 100-300 mg. This serving supplies fulvic acid, minerals, trace minerals, trace elements, and electrolytes. We use an amount of Ioniplex® within the suggested amount range.
IONIPLEX® FULVIC MINERAL POWDER KEY MECHANISMS
Supports mitochondrial function*
Supports mitochondrial metabolism* [1,2]
Supports mitochondrial electron transport chain function* [3]
Supports oxidative phosphorylation efficiency* [4]
Supports healthy mitochondrial membrane potential* [3]
Supports general health and wellbeing*
Supports the body’s defenses against advanced glycation end-products (AGE)* [5,6]
Supports healthy metabolic parameters* [7–9]
Supports healthy type 1 collagen production* [10]
Supports hair, nails, and skin health* [11]
Supports neuroprotective functions* [3]
Supports HPA axis function* [3]
Supports cardioprotective functions* [12]
Supports muscle strength and adaptation* [13,14]
Supports intestinal barrier function* [15–17]
Supports antioxidant defenses* [3,17]
*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
REFERENCES
[1]K. Bojanowski, Effects of Ioniplex, No Fear and Full Throttle on Mitochondrial Metabolism, Sunny BioDiscovery, 2006.
[2]K. Bojanowski, Effect of Commercial Formulations with and without Ioniplex on Metabolic Activity, Sunny BioDiscovery, 2011.
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Magnesium (as Magnesium Sulfate)
Magnesium sulfate is a salt of magnesium containing the sulfate ion. Magnesium is one of the most abundant minerals in the body and is vital for the functioning of all living cells. It’s used in more than 300 enzymes. ATP (i.e., cellular energy) occurs complexed with magnesium, so all enzymes utilizing ATP require magnesium. The same is true for enzymes that synthesize DNA and RNA; magnesium is always involved. Magnesium also plays a large role in breaking down sugars (glycolysis). Because magnesium supports the electrical functions of cells (i.e., it’s an electrolyte), muscle and nerve function rely on magnesium.*
TOP BENEFITS OF MAGNESIUM SULFATE
Supports sleep*
Supports healthy cardiovascular function*
Supports mood balance*
Supports musculoskeletal health*
Supports cellular health*
QUALIA’S MAGNESIUM SULFATE SOURCING
Magnesium sulfate is a non-GMO, gluten-free, and vegan ingredient.
MAGNESIUM SULFATE FORMULATING PRINCIPLES AND RATIONALE
The Recommended Dietary Allowance for magnesium in adults varies from 310 to 420 depending upon age and gender. A majority of Americans of all ages fall somewhat short of this amount. Supplying even a low dose of magnesium can help close the gap. We generally supply it in small amounts to augment dietary intake of magnesium and complement other ingredients in a formula.*
MAGNESIUM KEY MECHANISMS
Supports optimal metabolism and energy generation*
Supports the synthesis of ATP by ATP synthase in mitochondria* [1,2]
Part of a complex with ATP (MgATP) that is required for many rate-limiting metabolic enzymes* [3]
Supports the activity of rate-limiting enzymes involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism* [3,4]
Supports the activity of rate-limiting enzymes involved in protein and nucleic acid synthesis* [3,4]
Helps maintain healthy insulin sensitivity* [5,6]
Supports cell signaling*
Supports healthy cellular sodium and potassium influx and efflux* [3]
Supports healthy cellular calcium influx and balanced calcium signaling* [3,4]
Supports the activity of adenylate cyclase - cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) synthesis* [7]
Supports cell structure*
Helps maintain the stability of proteins, nucleic acids, chromosomes, and biological membranes* [3]
Supports healthy cardiovascular function*
Supports healthy cardiac muscle contraction and heart rhythm* [4,8]
Supports healthy vascular tone* [4,8]
Supports healthy platelet function* [4,9]
Supports healthy brain function*
Supports healthy hearing* [10–16]
Supports healthy neurotransmitter signaling and optimal neurological function* [4]
Supports the healthy activity of the glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor* [17,18]
Supports healthy glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) enzyme function that converts glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, and vice versa* [19,20]
Supports healthy serotonin N-acetyltransferase function - an enzyme that is involved in the day/night rhythmic production of melatonin from serotonin* [21,22]
Supports healthy brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) function* [18,23,24]
Supports healthy neural stem cell proliferation* [25]
Supports healthy brain mitochondrial function* [25]
Supports a healthy mood*
Supports mental well-being* [26,27]
Supports healthy behavioral and physiological responses to stress* [24,28–31]
Supports sleep*
Supports optimal sleep quality* [32–35]
Supports healthy EEG and neuroendocrine responses during sleep* [36,37]
Supports sleep organization and regulation* [38–41]
Supports exercise tolerance in contexts of poor sleep* [42]
Supports muscle function*
Supports healthy muscle contraction* [4,43]
Supports optimal muscle strength* [44,45]
Supports the skeletal system*
Supports healthy bone metabolism/remodeling and optimal calcium absorption* [3]
Supports healthy calcitonin and parathyroid hormone activity* [3]
Supports optimal bone formation* [3]
Supports healthy gut microbiota*
Supports a healthy composition of the gut microbiome* [46–48]
Complementary ingredients*
Commonly supplemented with calcium for bone support*
Supports vitamin D metabolism* [49]
B-complex vitamins and melatonin supplementation for sleep support* [50]
Zinc and melatonin supplementation for sleep support* [51]
Vitamin B6 for mood support* [52,53]
Hawthorn and California poppy for mood support* [54]
Antioxidant vitamins for hearing support* [55–57]
*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
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Boron (as boron glycinate)
Scientific Name:
boron glycinate
Boron is a trace element that is naturally present in many foods—fruits and fruit juices are excellent food sources. Boron is an essential plant nutrient, required for their growth and development. In animals, including humans, the exact physiological roles of boron are still being unraveled, but it is thought that it might provide beneficial support for healthy reproduction and embryonic development, calcium and magnesium metabolism, bone formation, brain function, joint health, liver function, energy metabolism, immune health, redox balance and the function of steroid hormones (including vitamin D) [1]. Boron supplementation seems to support the optimal absorption and retention of magnesium, possibly helping to support balanced magnesium levels [2–4]. We supply boron as boron glycinate: this is boron complexed with glycine to support its bioavailability. Glycine is a conditional amino acid. It is used in the brain as a neurotransmitter and throughout the body to make collagen [5].*
TOP BENEFITS OF BORON GLYCINATE
Supports the optimal absorption and retention of magnesium*
Supports brain function*
Supports bone health*
Supports healthy steroid hormone metabolism*
Supports joint health*
QUALIA’S BORON GLYCINATE SOURCING
Boron Glycinate is a non-GMO, gluten-free, and vegan ingredient.
BORON GLYCINATE FORMULATING PRINCIPLES AND RATIONALE
There’s no established recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for boron. Median adult dietary intake has been estimated to be between 0.87 to 1.35 mg/day [6]. The amount of boron in the diet can vary quite a bit, in large part because some locations in the world have soils with much less boron and other areas have more. Because of this, some people may get 1 mg or less a day from foods and water, and others may get 3 to 10 mg daily [7]. In human studies, boron has been supplemented in amounts that range from 2.5-10 mg per day. The most common amount supplemented has been 3 mg [8]. The amount of boron included in a Qualia formula will depend on the purpose of the product. In Qualia Mind, a 3 mg amount of boron is included to mirror an amount used in studies on cognitive function. In Qualia Magnesium a 1 mg amount is included to support healthy mineral balance [8].*
BORON KEY MECHANISMS
Supports the optimal absorption and retention of magnesium* [2–4]
Supports the healthy retention of calcium* [3]
Supports brain function and cognitive performance [9,10]
Supports healthy bones and joints* [7,11,12]
Supports healthy steroid hormone metabolism* [3,13]
*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
REFERENCES
[1]NIH Office of Dietary Supplements, Boron Fact Sheet for Health Professionals (n.d.).
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[5]M.A. Razak, P.S. Begum, B. Viswanath, S. Rajagopal, Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev. 2017 (2017) 1716701.
[6](n.d.).
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